propylene glycol dermatitis

2008. FoodFacts.com. The American Contact Dermatitis Society has named propylene glycol as the 2018 Allergen of the Year . Phototoxic dermatitis occurs when the allergen or irritant is activated by sunlight. February 24, 2021 09:00pm. Patch testing is the criterion standard to evaluate for allergic contact dermatitis, but evaluation of patch tests may be challenging because of the frequently weak nat… Chemotechnique Diagnostics. Propylene glycol (PG) is used industrially as intermediate for the synthesis of other chemicals. Propylene glycol can occasionally be harmful or offensive to some users, which granted it the spot of the American Contact Dermatitis Society’s Allergen of the year in 2018. Propylene glycol is a commonly used vehicle for topical preparations. Propylene glycol is one of the more controversial substances on standard patch test trays, with some literature suggesting that weak PG reactions are almost entirely irritant and others claiming relatively high significance of all PPTs to PG.2,3 This controversy lies in the fact that patch testing for PG is often confounded by its potential for irritation and frequently weak hypersensitivity reactions.8 This has led to various concentrations of PG for patch testing. The authors have no funding or conflicts of interest to declare. to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without Carlson S, Gipson K, Nedorost S. Relevance of doubtful (“equivocal”) late patch-test readings. The potential dangers of propylene glycol in skin care products may be greater than just rash, eczema, and dermatitis. Copyright © 1991 Published by Mosby, Inc. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, https://doi.org/10.1016/0190-9622(91)70018-W. With increasing prevalence of PG in cosmetics and medications, especially topical corticosteroids, it is of special importance that dermatologists should be aware of how PG sensitivity manifests and how to identify unexpected sources. Please try again soon. Propylene glycol (PG), an emollient and emulsifier found in cosmetics, medications, and food, has been granted the dubious honor of being named the American Contact Dermatitis Society's Allergen of the Year for 2018. The item(s) has been successfully added to ", This article has been saved into your User Account, in the Favorites area, under the new folder. Propylene glycol is far from the most dangerous ingredient hiding in your food. 8. 1997;60(1):43-44. It results from either exposure to allergens (allergic contact dermatitis) or irritants (irritant contact dermatitis). Available at: 7. 3. For those with reactions to PG in skin care, consumption of foods containing PG may also cause a rash. 35. Propylene glycol has become ubiquitous in topical and systemic products. Warshaw TG, Herrmann F. Studies of skin reaction to propylene glycol. 30. Propylene glycol is also found in oral treatments as well as many foods. International Standard Series. The literature on propylene glycol is reviewed, with particular attention to the nature of these adverse cutaneous effects. Farrar CW, Bell HK, King CM. S.E.J. Propylene glycol is a commonly used vehicle for topical preparations. Guidelines for patients sensitive to propylene glycol are discussed. Fiume MM, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, et al. Pootongkam S, Nedorost ST. Focus on propylene glycol. Jacob, Sharon E. MD*; Scheman, Andrew MD†; McGowan, Maria A. MD*. Contact Dermatitis. There’s not much research on this topic, but some studies have found that its presence appears to increase the transdermal absorption rate of some other compounds it is mixed with. The literature on propylene glycol is reviewed, with particular attention to the nature of these adverse cutaneous effects. By continuing to use this website you are giving consent to cookies being used. El-Sayed F, Bayle-Lebey P, Marguery MC, Bazex J. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Propylene glycol dermatitis: re-evaluation of an old problem. Scheman A, Cha C, Jacob SE, et al. 7. Propylene glycol is a small organic alcohol commonly used as a skin conditioning agent. Schalock PC, Dunnick CA, Nedorost S, et al. 9. 7. Contact Dermatitis 31(4):236-41 (1994 Oct). Propylene glycol is found in most topical gel preparations.6 Historically, it was included in the NACDG patch test set in 1992 at 10% in aqueous solution. Bakery Series. Solvent: Propylene glycol is used to dissolve substances in a product formulation to get them to mix and work together properly. Over time, there has been a reported increase in the use of PG in personal care products in the United States. Le propylène glycol ou propane 1,2 diol est un composé chimique organique obtenu par procédé pétrochimique. Propylene Glycol in Contact Dermatitis: A Systematic Review.Dermatitis.2017 Oct 23. doi: 10.1097/DER.0000000000000307. propylene glycol définition, signification, ce qu'est propylene glycol: a chemical compound used mainly for making polymers (= chemical substances consisting of large…. 2010;21(1):E1-E4. In my personal experience using propylene glycol in deodorants, my underarms are left itching like crazy. Skin exposure of consumers to PG most commonly occurs through contact with cosmetics or topical medicaments. Chemotechnique Diagnostics. Estimates on the prevalence of PG allergy range from 0.8% (10% PG in aqueous solution) to 3.5% (30% PG in aqueous solution).2–4 The North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG) data from 1996 to 2006 showed that the most common site for PG contact dermatitis was the face (25.9%), followed by a generalized or scattered pattern (23.7%).2 Personal care products, such as creams, lotions, and cosmetics were associated with reactions in 12.8% of these patients and were the most common source of PG, accounting for 53.8% of identified sources of PG.2 This was followed by topical corticosteroids at 18.3%.2 Few reactions (4.2%) were deemed to be occupational, relegating PG as an infrequent cause of occupational dermatitis.2. “This is a common foaming agent used in various shampoos, conditioners and body washes. Propylene glycol's potential as a contact allergen has long been recognized, and the first study of patch tests to PG was performed in the 1950s.1 However, the significance of PG as a contact allergen has been ambiguous. This report serves to increase awareness about PG sensitization and appropriate testing and evaluation of PG patch tests. Help Patients Avoid the Quarantine 15. Although it is well suited for this purpose, it is capable of producing both primary irritant skin reactions and allergic sensitization. That is, because concentrations of PG in topical products are often less than 30%, a patch test reaction to 30% PG is likely to be clinically relevant whether the patch test reaction is caused by allergy or irritancy. Propylene glycol can be found in many artificial flavor extracts and artificial food coloring products.6 Regarding medications, PG is often found in coated pills, gelcaps, liquids, chewables, and lozenges.7 Noncoated pills are most likely to be free of PG.6,7. Contact dermatitis. 17. Warshaw EM, Botto NC, Maibach HI, et al. Despite the relative controversy of PG as an irritant versus an allergic reactant, any reaction is relevant to the patients whose skin is compromised by PG. In a 1994 safety assessment, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review noted use of PG in 5676 products listed in the Voluntary Cosmetic Registry; in the Cosmetic Ingredient Review 2012 update, this Voluntary Cosmetic Registry reported 9094 products containing PG.5 These data are similar to the data from December 15, 2016, in the American Contact Dermatitis Society (ACDS) Contact Allergy Management Program, which showed PG present in 1301 (37.8%) of 4674 products (A. Scheman, personal communication on C.A.M.P data, December 2016). What is PROPYLENE GLYCOL and where is it found? Wolters Kluwer Health 2003;48(5):290. From the Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Georgia. Patch tests to PG are often weak and can be difficult to differentiate from irritant reactions. 32. Studies on Propylene Glycol. Evaluation of dermatitis associated with propylene glycol application or ingestion remains a challenge. Some error has occurred while processing your request. Their “dermatitis improved dramatically after cessation of oral antihistamines ” which had contained this chemical. Wetter DA, Yiannias JA, Prakash AV, et al. While allergic contact dermatitis to PG may have a low prevalence, many patients manifest some form of sensitivity. By Sara Hunt, DNP, FNP-C, PHN. Address reprint requests to Sharon E. Jacob, MD, Department of Dermatology, Loma Linda University, Faculty Medical Offices, 11370 Anderson St, Suite 2600, Loma Linda, CA 92354. North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch test results 2013–2014. Propylene glycol (IUPAC name: propane-1,2-diol) is a viscous, colorless liquid, which is nearly odorless but possesses a faintly sweet taste.Its chemical formula is CH 3 CH(OH)CH 2 OH. Propylene glycol (PG), ethylene glycol (EG), and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) were tested, as is, in a total of 1,556 cases of eczema using the chamber test method. Propylene glycol (PG), an emollient and emulsifier found in cosmetics, medications, and food, has been granted the dubious honor of being named the American Contact Dermatitis Society's Allergen of the Year for 2018. The NACDG initially tested PG at 10% in aqueous solution. 2. Lippincott Journals Subscribers, use your username or email along with your password to log in. En savoir plus. Moreover, it is used as solvent, as plasticizer, in household products, as food additive or as ingredient of many cosmetics and pharmaceutical preparations. Propylene glycol is used as a softening agent, preservative, humectants, and solvent in cosmetics, fragrances, topical medications, soaps and cleansers, hair care products, and deodorants. Dermatitis29(1):3-5, January/February 2018. Contact Dermatitis 4(1):41-5 (1978 Feb). has no relevant disclosures. Propylene glycol (PG), ethylene glycol (EG), and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) were tested, as is, in a total of 1,556 cases of eczema using the chamber test method. Available at: 12. In it they talk about teens who had patch testing to confirm their allergy to propylene glycol. Allergic and irritant contact dermatitis and systemic cutaneous reactions to PG, which has become an increasingly common ingredient, have been documented. Thirty-nine patients with seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp were treated in a double-blind controlled study with a solution containing either 15 percent propylene glycol, 50 percent ethanol, and 35 percent water, or a solution containing 50 percent ethanol and 50 percent water. While allergic contact dermatitis to PG may have a low prevalence, many patients manifest some form of sensitivity. Diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis can often be supported by patch testing. 1998, Vol 39, Num 3, pp 150-151 ; ref : 10 ref. Get new journal Tables of Contents sent right to your email inbox, January/February 2018 - Volume 29 - Issue 1, http://www.chemotechnique.se/products/series/international-standard-series/, https://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/baseline-series-of-patch-test-allergens, http://www.chemotechnique.se/products/series/bakery-series/, http://www.the-dermatologist.com/content/focus-propylene-glycol, Articles in PubMed by Sharon E. Jacob, MD, Articles in Google Scholar by Sharon E. Jacob, MD, Other articles in this journal by Sharon E. Jacob, MD, Contact Allergy to Propylene Glycol and Cross-Reactions, Patch Testing for Cheilitis: A 10-Year Series, Effect of Patch Testing on the Course of Allergic Contact Dermatitis and Prognostic Factors That Influence Outcomes, ACDS Annual Meeting Abstracts February 28, 2019, Washington, DC. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Guidelines for patients sensitive to propylene glycol are discussed. The research dealing with skin reactions to propylene glycol is revisited and new aspects for future research are outlined. is founder and CEO of Dermatitis Academy, an open-access contact dermatitis learning forum, E-source; served as coordinating principal investigator on the safety and efficacy of T.R.U.E. 6. Propylene glycol is also found in many foods. Propylene glycol is a commonly used vehicle for topical preparations. Thirty-nine patients with seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp were treated in a double-blind controlled study with a solution containing either 15 percent propylene glycol, 50 percent ethanol, and 35 percent water, or a solution containing 50 percent ethanol and 50 percent water. 4. American Contact Dermatitis Society Core Allergen Series: 2017 update. To me, it is unfathomable why doctors would wait so long to recommend patch testing when their treatments are not working. Available at: 13. Please try after some time. A.S. is director of the American Contact Dermatitis Society Contact Allergy Management Program database. Propylene Glycol: An Often Unrecognized Cause of Allergic Contact Dermatitis in Patients Using Topical Corticosteroids Sources of PG. 31. E-mail: [email protected]. 2 The other half is... Allergic … ... Propylene glycol in contact dermatitis: A systematic review. Containing two alcohol groups, it is classed as a diol.It is miscible with a broad range of solvents, including water, acetone, and chloroform.In general, glycols are non-irritating and have very low volatility. DeKoven JG, Warshaw EM, Belsito DV, et al. may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed Propylene Glycol. Allergic and irritant contact dermatitis and systemic cutaneous reactions to PG, which has become an increasingly common ingredient, have been documented. Results of patch testing to personal care product allergens in a standard series and a supplemental cosmetic series: an analysis of 945 patients from the Mayo Clinic Contact Dermatitis Group, 2000–2007. Propylene glycol is as contentious as it is ubiquitous because it acts as both a weak sensitizer and an irritant, confounding the results of positive patch tests. The Rak Foundation for Nutritional Awareness. It can be found in many packaged foods (prepackaged coffee, creamers, drink mixes, breakfast foods, desserts, snacks, prepared meals, mixes, seafood/meat breading/marinades/glazes [including premarinated ham/turkey], dried soup/bouillon, most fast food).6 It can also be found in some bread (bread, bagels, rolls, breadsticks, bread mixes), canned beans, bacon, dairy products (cream cheese, yogurt, sour cream, dips/spreads, cheese, whipped cream), many condiments, and occasional frozen vegetables. Available at: 14. In 1996, this was changed to 30% in aqueous solution.5 Starting in January 2013, the NACDG added 100% PG to their standard screening tray.

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